The Canadian Style
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Index
- + Abbreviations, 1.01-25 3
- Aboriginal, 4.11, 14.12
- Absolute constructions, 7.14(b)
- Abstract, of a report, 11.07
- + Acronyms and initialisms, 1.16 81
- + Acts of Parliament 98
- + Addresses 107
- + Adjectival expressions 121
- Agenda, 11.23-24
- Age, numbers used for, 5.15
- + Aircraft, names of 135
- Allophone, 4.11
- Alternate, alternative, 12.03
- + Ampersand, 1.18 150
- + Annunciatory expressions 152
- Any, every, no and some, compounds formed with, 2.08
- + Apostrophe, 7.56-64 164
- Appositives, use of comma with, 7.14(d)
- + Articles (a, an, the) 192
- As far as, 12.03
- Assure, ensure, insure, 12.03
- Astronomical terms, 4.23
- + Awards 210
- Biannual, biennial, 12.03
- Bible, references to books of, 4.19(e), 5.22
- + Bibliographies, 9.02-17 225
- Billion, use of, 5.26
- Black, 14.10-12
- + Books 278
- Braces, 7.38-39
- + Brackets, 7.36-37 300
- British v. U.S. spellings, 3.01
- Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names, 15.02-03
- + Capitalization, 4.01-38 325
- + Churches 435
- Cite, quote, 12.03
- + Colon, 7.25-28 447
- + Comma, 7.13-21 478
- + Compass points 534
- + Complimentary close, 10.20 538
- + Compounds, 2.01-17 546
- + Compound sentences 591
- Comprise, 12.03
- + Content notes, 601
- + Contractions, use of apostrophe with, 7.63 607
- Co-ordinate adjectives, use of comma with, 7.15(c)
- + Co-ordinate elements 613
- Copyrighted names, capitalization of, 4.27
- + Corporate names 623
- + Correspondence 632
- Council, counsel, 12.03
- + Court decisions 638
- Courts, in bibliographic entries, 9.09(e)
- + Cross-references 644
- + Cultural periods, movements and styles 646
- Currencies, 5.09, 5.11, 5.26
- + Dash, 7.40-49 660
- + Dates, 5.14 689
- + Days of the week 704
- + Decimals, 5.09 708
- + Decorations 712
- + Definite article 716
- + Degrees, honours, awards, etc. 718
- Degree symbol, 5.10(d)
- + Diagonal 733
- + Dictionaries 735
- + Documents 745
- Dollar sign, 5.11, 5.26
- + Editing 756
- Effective, efficient, 12.03
- Electronic documents, 9.07, 9.16(d)
- + Electronic mail, 10.29-33 770
- + Ellipsis points, 7.05, 8.09 777
- Elliptical constructions, punctuation of, 7.17, 7.22
- Emigrate, immigrate, 12.03
- + Emphasis 791
- + Endnotes 799
- Equally, 12.03
- Et al.., 9.09(c)
- Exclamation mark, 7.11-12
- + Family appellations 813
- Federal Identity Program Manual, 5.13-14, 10.02 (footnote), 10.14
- Fewer, lesser, less, 12.03
- + Figures 831
- Financial, fiscal, 12.03
- Floor (in addresses), 5.21
- Footnote indicator, 9.18, 9.23
- + Footnotes and endnotes. 847
- + Foreign names 849
- + Foreign words and phrases 851
- For example, use of comma with, 7.14(e)
- Former, latter, 12.03
- + Forms of address 865
- Fractions, hyphenation of, 2.11, 5.08
- French definite article, 4.37, 17.04
- + French names 879
- + French typographical rules, 17.01-07 883
- Gender, sex, 12.03
- + Generic terms 899
- - Geographical names, 15.01-16 915
- Goods, good, 12.03
- + Governments and government bodies 938
- + Graphs 949
- + Headings and subheadings, 11.16, 11.20 954
- + Historical periods and events 964
- Holidays, names of capitalized, 4.17
- + Homonyms 976
- + Honourable 982
- + Honours 988
- + Hyphen, 7.50-51 993
- + Hyphenation 1008
- I.e., e.g., etc., 12.03
- Imperial system of measures, abbreviations for, 1.24
- Imply, infer , 12.03
- + Indention 1022
- + Indexes, 9.30-55 1036
- Indirect questions, 7.10
- Indirect speech, 8.04, 11.26
- + Initialisms 1082
- + Institutional names 1084
- + International System of Units 1093
- In-text notes, 8.03(g), 8.06, 9.18, 9.25
- Inuk, 4.11, 14.12
- Irregardless, 12.03
- + Italics, 6.01-12 1117
- Its, it’s, 7.62, 12.03
- Justification of margins in letters and memorandums, 10.04
- Languages, subjects and courses, names of capitalized, 4.11-12
- + Latin terms 1174
- Latitude and longitude, 1.11
- Lay, lie, 12.03
- Leaders, 7.06, 16.07(c)
- + Leading 1195
- Lead, led, 12.03
- + Legal references 1201
- Letterheads, 10.09
- + Letters 1225
- + Letters (correspondence), 10.01-26 1240
- + Lists, 7.65-70 1278
- Locator, 9.30, 9.35-36
- + Lower case 1302
- + Margins 1304
- Market quotations, 5.16
- Matériel, 12.03
- Mathematical formulas, 11.21
- + Measurements 1322
- + Medical terms 1324
- Memorandums, 10.27-28
- + Metric system 1330
- + Military ranks and units 1332
- + Minority groups 1340
- + Minutes (of a meeting), 11.22-27 1344
- Monetary units, symbols for, 1.19, 5.11, 5.26
- + Money 1362
- + Months and days 1364
- Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss, 1.03(b), 1.04, 1.06, 10.17, 14.02
- + Musical compositions 1382
- + Names of persons 1384
- + Newspapers and periodicals 1395
- No., Nos., 1.17
- Non-restrictive clauses, use of comma with, 7.14
- Northern, southern, etc. capitalization of, 4.21(e)
- + Number 1420
- + Numerals 1426
- + Numerical expressions, 5.01-26 1430
- Nunavut, 1.09 (note)
- + Oblique, 7.52-55 1514
- + Official languages, in addresses, 10.14 1531
- + Omissions, in quoted matter, 8.09 1535
- Page references, 1.12, 4.30(a), 4.30(b), 5.22, 5.24(b), 5.24(c), 7.48, 9.35
- + Paintings 1555
- + Parentheses, 7.29-35 1559
- Parenthetic expressions, use of comma with, 7.14(c)
- + Parts of a book, poem, play, etc. 1580
- People with disabilities, stereotyping of, 14.13-15
- Percent, abbreviated, 1.17
- + Period, 7.03-08 1606
- + Periodicals 1620
- Periods, geological, historical, 4.17
- Peripheral matter, use of italics for, 6.09
- + Personifications 1630
- PIN, 1.16
- + Place names 1640
- + Plain language, 13.01-07, 16.05(b) 1645
- + Planets 1659
- + Plays 1661
- + Plurals 1669
- + Poems, line references to, 1.12, 4.30 1685
- + Points of the compass 1688
- Possessives, use of apostrophe to form, 7.56-61
- Precedence, order of, 1.08
- + Prefixes 1710
- Prepositional usage, 12.02
- Principal, principle, 12.03
- Pronouns, avoiding sexual identification in use of, 14.04
- Proofreader’s marks, 16.07
- + Proper nouns 1734
- Proper nouns used adjectivally, 4.04
- + Provinces 1740
- Pseudonyms, 9.09(f)
- + Punctuation 1746
- Quebecker, 3.13
- Question mark, 7.09-10
- + Quotation marks, 8.01-15 1758
- + Quotations, 8.01-15 1782
- Quote, cite, 12.03
- + Races, languages and peoples 1819
- + Racial and ethnic stereotyping, 14.09-12 1825
- Ratios, 5.07
- + Reference matter 1833
- + Reference notes, 9.18-29 1837
- Relation, relationship, 12.03
- Religions, religious references, 4.17-20, 5.18(d), 5.19
- + Reports and minutes, 11.01-27 1892
- Reserve (Indian), 12.03, 15.14 (reserve)
- Responsible, 12.03
- Restrictive clauses, use of comma with, 7.14
- + Revision and proofreading, 16.01-07 1935
- Roman numerals, 5.22, 5.25, 11.16, 11.19
- Roman numerals used with, 5.25
- + Royalty 1959
- Saints’ names, listing in indexes, 9.45
- Saint, used with personal names, 1.06
- + Salutation (in correspondence), 10.17 1975
- Sanction, 12.03
- + Scientific and technical terms 1986
- Scientific periodicals, in reference matter, 9.08(c)
- + Scores 2007
- Seasons, capitalization of names of, 4.17
- Section of a law, 4.30(c), 5.22
- See, See also, etc., 6.09
- + Semicolon, 7.22-24 2025
- Set, sit, 12.03
- + Sexist language 2047
- + Sexual stereotyping, elimination of, 14.02-08 2051
- + Ships, aircraft, automobiles, etc., names of 2059
- Sic, use in quotations, 8.10
- + Signatures 2069
- + SI/metric system 2075
- SIN, 1.04, 1.16
- Slang, use of quotation marks for, 8.12
- + Slash 2114
- + Social insurance number 2116
- + Spacing 2118
- Spell checking, 3.02
- + Spelling, 3.01-17 2135
- + Square brackets 2171
- Stage directions, use of italics for, 6.09
- State, 4.21(c)
- + Statistics 2181
- + Statutes, 5.25, 9.28 2186
- + Stereotyping in written communications avoidance of, 14.01-15 2190
- + Streets, buildings, monuments and public places 2210
- + Suffixes 2218
- + Suspension points 2224
- + Symbols 2226
- + Tables and graphs 2238
- + Technical terms 2246
- Tendency, trend, 12.03
- That is, use of comma with, 7.14(e)
- The, capitalization of, 4.37
- + Time 2260
- + Titles of courtesy 2281
- + Titles of office or position 2289
- + Titles of organizations 2301
- + Titles of publications, works of art, etc. 2303
- + Toponyms 2322
- Trade names, capitalization of, 4.27
- + Translation 2328
- + Treasury Board 2343
- Trillion, use of, 5.26
- + Units of measurement 2353
- + Upper case 2367
- Usages, 12.01-03
- + Vertical lists 2373
- + Virgule 2375
- Vocative expressions, use of comma with, 7.14(f)
- Votes and scores, 5.17
- + Weights and measures 2385
- Who’s, whose, 12.03
- Word division, 2.17
- + Words commonly misused or confused, 12.03 2397
- + Words, used as such 2399
- Would (misused), 12.03
- + Year, symbol for, 1.23 (Table 4) 2413
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15.07 Reinstatement of official English toponyms
Where the generic of an English-language place name has been translated into French, it is essential to restore it to its original English form when translating the French document into English. In the following sentence, the toponyms have been translated into French but their official forms are English:
- Le relief du plateau est plus particulièrement remarquable dans le nord de l’île Somerset, sur la presqu’île Brodeur, ainsi que dans le centre et l’ouest de l’île Prince of Wales.
Since, in accordance with the rules, the specific parts of these toponyms (Somerset, Brodeur, Prince of Wales) have not been modified in any way, it becomes more a question of verifying the official English form in the appropriate gazetteer than a question of translation. The original names are Somerset Island, Brodeur Peninsula and Prince of Wales Island.
15.08 Translation of the generic
General rule
The generic of a geographical feature name may be translated:
- lac Beauchamp / Beauchamp Lake
- île Madame / Madame Island
French and English equivalents for generics have been established in the publication Glossary of Generic Terms in Canada’s Geographical Names.2
_____________________
- 2 Canada, Glossary of Generic Terms in Canada’s Geographical Names: TB 176 / Glossaire des génériques en usage dans les noms géographiques du Canada : BT 176.
Exceptions
The generic should not be translated in situations (a), (b), (c) and (d) below. The name is left in its official form and is followed, as needed, by a geographical term describing the nature of the entity, which will be indicated in the gazetteer of the province or territory concerned.
(a) The generic does not indicate the actual nature of the entity designated:
- île Cooks (rock) / Île Cooks rock
- lac Cochémère (pond) / Lac Cochémère pond
(b) The generic is rare or borrowed from a language other than English or French:
- Hanbury Kopje hill
- Loch Erne lake
(c) The generic is separated from the specific by one or more linking particles:
- lac aux Saumons / Lac aux Saumons
- baie de la Sorcière / Baie de la Sorcière
- anse de la Pointe / Anse de la Pointe
(d) The name is preceded by the article "Le (La, Les, L’)," which is part of the toponym. The article is retained at the beginning of the toponym and the appropriate geographical term or a short description may be added for clarity:
- Les Chutes / Les Chutes or the falls known as Les Chutes
- La Grande Rivière / La Grande Rivière
- Le Petit Étang / Le Petit Étang or the pond known as Le Petit Étang
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